- Fertilizer production (ammonia, urea).
Plastic and synthetic fiber production (PVC, nylon, polyester
- Pharmaceutical synthesis and fermentation processes.
- Specialty chemical batch reactors.
5. Heavy Industry & Manufacturing
- Function: Cool machinery, process fluids, and products to ensure continuous operation and product quality.
- Industries:
- Steel & Metal Production: Blast furnaces, basic oxygen furnaces, rolling mills, continuous casters.
- Automotive: Paint booth temperature control, welding equipment, hydraulic systems, engine test cells.
- Plastics: Injection molding machines, extruders, blow molders.
- Paper & Pulp: Process cooling, heat recovery, and paper machine rolls.
- Food & Beverage: Milk pasteurization, brewing fermentation, bakery ovens, refrigeration plant condensers.
- Textiles: Temperature and humidity control in spinning and dyeing processes.
- Cement: Cool clinker from the kiln.
- Industries:
6. Data Centers & Telecommunications
- Function: Reject the immense heat generated by servers, routers, and switching equipment. Often used in conjunction with chillers in high-density facilities.
- Key Consideration: Reliability is paramount. Systems often have N+1 redundancy.
7. Miscellaneous & Specialized Applications
- Ice Rinks: Maintain the temperature of the ice sheet and dehumidify the arena air.
- Lasers & High-Power Electronics: Cool laser cavities and power supplies.
- Die Casting & Forging: Cool dies and hydraulic systems.