Forced Draft cooling towers are a type of mechanical draft cooling tower where fans are used to force air through the tower. Here are some key advantages of Forced Draft cooling towers:
1. Better Control Over Airflow
- The fan is located at the base, pushing air into the tower, allowing for precise control of airflow rates.
- Helps maintain consistent cooling performance even under varying load conditions.
2. Reduced Recirculation
- Since air is forced in at the bottom and exits at high velocity from the top, there is less chance of hot, moist exhaust air being drawn back into the tower (recirculation).
3. Lower Risk of Ice Formation in Cold Climates
- The forced air movement helps prevent stagnant water conditions, reducing the likelihood of ice build-up in freezing weather.
4. Compact Design & Space Efficiency
- Generally smaller in footprint compared to natural draft towers.
- Suitable for industrial plants with space constraints.
5. Efficient Performance in High Ambient Temperatures
- Since airflow is mechanically controlled, forced draft towers perform well even in hot environments where natural convection would be insufficient.
6. Easier Maintenance Access
- The fan and motor are located at ground level, making maintenance and servicing more convenient compared to induced draft towers where fans are at the top.
7. Lower Initial Cost Compared to Induced Draft Towers
- Typically, less expensive to construct and install than induced draft cooling towers of similar capacity.
8. Flexibility in Placement
- Can be installed in locations where natural draft towers are impractical due to height restrictions or space limitations.
9. Reduced Water Drift & Loss
- High-velocity air exiting the tower helps minimize water droplet carryover, reducing water loss.
10. Suitable for High Heat Load Applications
- Effective in industries requiring high heat rejection, such as power plants, refineries, and chemical processing.
Comparison with Induced Draft Cooling Towers:
- Forced Draft: Fans push air in (located at the base), easier maintenance, but fans are exposed to moist air, which can cause corrosion.
- Induced Draft: Fans pull air out (located at the top), more energy-efficient for large capacities, but maintenance is harder due to high placement.