The Cooling Tower Nozzle is a small but mission-critical component in the water distribution system. It is responsible for the precise and uniform dispersion of hot water over the fill media, which is fundamental to achieving optimal thermal performance.
Core Function
To distribute hot return water as evenly as possible over the fill surface, creating a uniform film or droplet pattern. This maximizes the air-water contact area and contact time, ensuring no “hot spots” or dry areas in the fill.
Poor distribution is a leading cause of reduced tower efficiency, as it leads to channeling (air taking the path of least resistance) and bypass (unevaporated water).
Key Design Requirements
- Uniform Spray Pattern: Must cover a defined area without gaps or heavy concentrations.
- Low Pressure Operation: Designed to function at low inlet pressures (typically 2 to 10 psig) to minimize pumping energy.
- Clog Resistance: Must handle water with some level of suspended solids or scale potential without blocking.
Material Durability: Must withstand hot water (up to ~130°F/55°C), chemicals, and UV exposure if
accessible.
- Flow Rate & Capacity: Sized to deliver the correct GPM per nozzle based on total system flow and nozzle count.