Monthly Archives: July 2025

Heat exchangers are typically classified according to flow arrangement and type of construction. In the first classification, flow can be countercurrent or co current (also called parallel). Heat exchangers can also be classified based on their configuration as tubular, plate and shell & tube heat exchangers. The tubular heat exchanger,...

Radiation Thermal radiation describes the electromagnetic radiation that is emitted at the surface of a body which has been thermally excited. This electromagnetic radiation is emitted in all directions; and when it strikes another body, part may be reflected, part may be transmitted, and part may be absorbed. Thus, heat may pass from one body...

Conduction Heat conduction is the transfer of heat from one part of a body to another part of the same body, or from one body to another body in physical contact with it, without appreciable displacement of the particles of the body. Energy transfer by conduction is accomplished in two ways. The first mechanism is […]

The process of heat exchange between two fluids that are at different temperatures and separated by a solid wall occurs in many engineering applications. The device used to implement this exchange is called a heat exchanger, and specific applications may be found in space heating and air-conditioning, power production, waste heat recovery and...